Born on March 1, in Pöchlarn on the Danube, childhood and youth in modest circumstances in Vienna. His father Gustav, a trained goldsmith from Prague, worked as a traveling salesman; his mother Romana, a forester's daughter from Lower Austria. Siblings: Berta (), Bohuslav (). State Trade School, High school graduation.
Studies at the Vienna School of Arts and Crafts (now the University of Applied Arts Vienna) with professors Anton von Kenner, Carl Otto Czeschka and Bertold Löffler.
Works for the Wiener Werkstätte in parallel to his studies, designing postcards and posters as well as the fairy tale book Die träumenden Knaben (The Dreaming Boys) (text and colour lithographs). Does life drawing from moving models at the School of Arts and Crafts.
Exhibition debut at the Kunstschau in Vienna where he receives mainly derisive criticism. Becomes acquainted with architect Adolf Loos, who goes on to emphatically promote him for years; introduction to the circle surrounding Karl Kraus, Peter Altenberg, Arnold Schönberg, the married couple Eugenie and Hermann Schwarzwald, and other representatives of the Viennese avant-garde; produces numerous portraits.
Anonyme, Oskar Kokoschka à l’Ecole du regard, Salzbourg, ca. , © Vevey, Fondation Oskar Kokoschka
BIOGRAPHIE
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Les années de jeunesse et d’apprentissage
Oskar Kokoschka est né le 1er mars à Pöchlarn (Basse-Autriche) au bord du Danube. Il est le deuxième enfant de Gustav Kokoschka, commis voyageur de profession, descendant d’une famille d’orfèvres de Prague, et de Maria Romana, née Loidl, fille d’un garde forestier des Préalpes de la Styrie. Il passe son enfance à Vienne.
En , il intègre l’Ecole des arts appliqués de Vienne. Les années – voient l’apparition de ses premières peintures à l’huile. Encore aux études, il est sollicité par les Wiener Werkstätte pour réaliser plusieurs cartes postales. Dans une manière décorative dont il se distanciera plus tard, Kokoschka y représente des motifs en aplats aux couleurs vives et contrastées. En parallèle, Kokoschka compose plusieurs poèmes en prose, drames et pièces de théâtre. Die träumenden Knaben, paru en , attire immédiatement l’attention de ses pairs, et marque stylistiquement un jalon dans l’émergence de l’expressionnisme.
Kokoschka est rapidement associé au milieu culturel viennois, faisant figure d’enfant terribl
Biografie Oskar Kokoschka
- 1. März
Oskar Kokoschka wird in Pöchlarn an der Donau, Niederösterreich, geboren. Einen Großteil der Kindheit und Jugend verbringt er in Wien in bescheidenen Verhältnissen. Seine Mutter Romana stammt aus einer niederösterreichischen Försterfamilie, sein Vater Gustav aus einer Prager Goldschmiededynastie, er arbeitet als Handelsreisender. OK bleibt sein Leben lang mit seiner Familie, auch seinen Geschwistern Berta (–) und Bohuslav (–), eng verbunden.
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Studium an der k.k. Kunstgewerbeschule, der heutigen Universität für angewandte Kunst Wien, damals ein internationales Zentrum der frühen Moderne. Ab Mitarbeit in der Wiener Werkstätte, wo er etwa Postkarten und Plakate gestaltet und im Wiener Cabaret Fledermaus ein Puppentheater zur Aufführung bringt.
Für die Wiener Werkstätte entsteht das Märchenbuch „Die träumenden Knaben“ (), wofür er auch den Text verfasst. Er widmet es Gustav Klimt, der neben seinem Förderer Josef Hoffmann die „Kunstschau“ kuratiert und dem jungen Kokoschka zum Ausstellungsdebüt verhilft. Dieses wird zum Skandal und OK schlagartig bekannt.
Beginn der Freundschaft mit dem Architekten Adolf Loos, der ihn in die WiAnonymous, Oskar Kokoschka à l’Ecole du regard, Salzburg, ca. , © Vevey, Fondation Oskar Kokoschka
BIOGRAPHY
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Youth and apprenticeshipOskar Kokoschka is born on 1 March in Pöchlarn (Lower Austria) on the banks of the Danube. He is the second child of Gustav Kokoschka, a travelling salesman descended from a family of goldsmiths in Prague, and Maria Romana, née Loidl, the daughter of a forester from the Alpine foothills of Styria. Oskar’s childhood is spent in Vienna.
In he enrols in the Kunstgewerbeschule (School of Arts and Crafts) in Vienna. His first oil paintings date from / While still a student, he is commissioned by the Wiener Werkstätte to design some postcards. Employing a decorative style from which he will later distance himself, Kokoschka depicts motifs with flat areas of vibrant, contrasting colour. At the same time, he writes a number of prose poems, dramas and plays. Die träumenden Knaben (‘The Dreaming Boys’), published in , immediately attracts the attention of his peers and is a stylistic milestone in the emergence of Expressionism.
Kokoschka quickly becomes a figure in Vienna’s cultural scene, setting himself up as an enfant terrible, and take
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