Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhab ( – C.E.) (Arabic:محمد بن عبد الوهاب) was an Arab theologian born in the Najd, in present-day Saudi Arabia and the most famous scholar of what non-members refer to as the Wahhabi movement, properly the Muwahhidun, the Unifiers of Islamic practice, a puritan reformist school. Al-Wahhab operated within the context of Muslim response to the increasing influence of Europe and to the subjugation of the Arab world to the non-Arab Ottoman Turks. Al-Wahhab was convinced that Muslims had departed from pure Islam and needed to return to its original beliefs and practices. His interpretation of Islam is also referred to as salafist (the salafa were those early Muslims who were close to Muhammad). Sufism, or mystical Islam, is regarded as deviant. Wahhabi Islam dominates Saudi Arabia, whose petroleum dollars fund Islamic organizations and institutions around the world on the condition that they conform to Wahhabi ideas. Wahhabi Islam is also described as traditionalist, or conservative. It tends to support rule by the elite. It permits no separation between religion and the state, and in its interpretation of Islamic Law, and is guided by past practice.
Oleh: Prof. Dr. H. Yunahar Ilyas, Lc, M.A
Ketua PP Muhammadiyah, Guru Besar FAI Unmuh Yogyakarta
Pendahuluan
Syeikh Muhammad ibn &#;Abd al-Wahhab (selanjutnya ditulis Muhammad &#;Abdul Wahab), ( H) adalah seorang mujaddid besar abad XII H yang luas pengaruhnya di dunia Islam, terutama dalam pemurnian Tauhid. Jika disebut namanya, orang akan segera ingat Kitab at-Tauhid (Judul lengkapnya adalah Kitab at-Tauhid alladzi Huwa Haqqullah &#;ala al- &#;Abid, tetapi popular dengan judul awalnya saja yaitu Kitab at-Tauhid) dan perjuangannya membersihkan akidah umat Islam pada masa itu &#;terutama wilayah Nejd Jazirah Arabia&#; dari segala macam bentuk kemusyrikan, apalagi setelah beliau bekerja sama bahu membahu dengan Imam Muhammad ibn Su&#;ud.
Selain Kitab at-Tauhid, dalam bidang akidah beliau juga menulis buku-buku atau risalah lain seperti Kasyf asy-Syubuhat, Mufid al-Mustqfidfi Kufr Tarik at-Tauhid, al-Ushul ats-Tsalatsah wa Adillatuha, Kalimat fi Bayan Syahadah an La Ilaha Illallah wa Bayan at-Tauhid, Kalimat fi Ma&#;rifah Syahadah an Lailaha illallah wa anna Muhammadan Rasulullah, Arba&#; Qawa &#;id liddin, Arba&#; Qawa &#;id dzakarahallahu fi Muhkam Kitabih, al-Mas
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Muḥammad bin ʿAbd al-Wahhāb bin Sulaimān bin ʿAlī bin Muḥammad bin Aḥmad at-Tamīmī | |
|---|---|
Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhāb's name in Islāmic calligraphy | |
| Religion | Islām |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Personal | |
| Born | ( A.H) Al-‘Uyainah, Najd |
| Died | 22 June ( AH) (aged ) Dir‘iyah, First Saudi State |
| Children | List ‘Alī (first) |
| Senior posting | |
| Title | Sheikh Al-Islam |
| Influenced | Muhammad bin Saud, House of Saud ‘Abd al-‘Azīz ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Bāz, Muḥammad ibn al-‘Uthaimīn, Muḥammad Nāṣir ad-Dīn al-Albānī, ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān as-Sudais, Su‘ūd ash-Shuraim |
| Arabic name | |
| Personal (Ism) | Muḥammad |
| Patronymic (Nasab) | ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhāb ibn Sulaimān ibn ‘Alī ibn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Rāshid |
| Teknonymic (Kunya) | Abū al-Ḥasan |
| Epithet (Laqab) | an-Najdī |
| Toponymic (Nisba) | at-Tamīmī |
Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhāb ibn Sulaimān at-Tamīmī ( Arabic: مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَبْدِ الوَهَّابِ بنِ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّمِيْمِيُّ; – 22 June ) was a religious leader, reformer, scholar and theologian from Najd in central A
Biografi Asy Syaikh Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab At-Tamimi Rahimahulloh
Beliau adalah Asy Syaikh Al-Mujadid Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahhab Bin Sulaiman Bin &#;Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Rasyid At Tamimi An-Nejd Rahimahulloh dikenal dengan Sebutan Syaikh Muhammad At-Tamimi atau Syaikh Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahhab. Beliau dilahirkan pada tahun H -bertepatan dengan M- di negeri &#;Uyainah daerah yang terletak di utara kota Riyadh, dimana keluarganya tinggal. Beliau tumbuh di rumah ilmu di bawah asuhan ayahanda beliau Abdul Wahhab yang menjabat sebagai hakim di masa pemerintahan Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Hamd Bin Ma&#;mar.
Kakek beliau, yakni Asy Syaikh Sulaiman adalah tokoh mufti yang menjadi referensi para ulama. Sementara seluruh paman-paman beliau sendiri juga ulama. Beliau dididik ayah dan paman-pamannya semenjak kecil. Beliau (syeikh muhammad bin abdul wahhab rahimahullah) telah menghafalkan Al Qur&#;an sebelum mencapai usia 10 tahun di hadapan ayahnya.
Beliau juga memperdengarkan bacaan kitab-kitab tafsir dan hadits, sehingga beliau unggul di bidang keilmuan dalam usia yang masih sangat dini. Disamping itu, beliau sangat fasih lisannya dan cepat dalam menulis.
Aya
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